![]() There are multiple layers of scwann cell membrane wrapped around the nerve. Responsible for the myelination of the peripheral nerves by wrapping the cell around the axon. There are four main classes of neuroglial cells (see link) within the CNS. Glial cells, or neuroglia, are cells that surround the neurones of the central nervous system embedded between them, providing both structural and physiological support. Although there are about 86-100 billion neurons in the brain, there are about the same number of glial cells in the brain. The brain is made up of more than just neurones. The “ basal ganglia” refers to a group of subcortical nuclei within the brain responsible primarily for motor control, as well as other roles such as motor learning, executive functions, emotional behaviours, and play an important role in reward and reinforcement, addictive behaviours and habit formation. It is these connections as well as the connections from the cerebral cortex to the brainstem, spinal cord and nuclei deep within the cerebral hemisphere that form the white matter of the cerebral hemisphere. The deep nuclei include structures such as the basal ganglia and the thalamus. This is inter-connected via pathways that run sub-cortically. The outer layer of the cerebral hemisphere is termed the cerebral cortex. #Somatic nervous system definition anatomy series#Temporal (medial part of which are a series of structures including the Hippocampus).The hemispheres are then further divided into four lobes the left hemisphere of the cerebrum receives information from the right side of the body resulting in motor control of the right side of the body and vice versa. ![]() The cerebrum consists of two cerebral hemispheres, the right and left hemisphere are connected by the corpus callosum which facilitates communication between both sides of the brain, with each hemisphere in the main connection to the contralateral side of the body i.e. Traumatic injuries can cause plegia or paresis and may result a wide range of deficits depending on the location and extent of the lesion. Headaches often impair the daily function of patients. Epilepsy can cause uncontrolled excitation. Others may impact cognition such as the various dementias. The demyelination in multiple sclerosis can cause acute attacks, and over time, chronic degradation of function. Some conditions lead to progressively impaired movement eg Parkinson disease. They range dramatically in scope, impact, and nature of the effect. Neurological Conditions: many neurological conditions affect the CNS. The Spinal Cord (the caudal extension of the CNS). The Hemispheres are then further divided into four lobes.Ģ. The right and left hemisphere are connected by the corpus callosum which facilitates communication between both sides of the brain.
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